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«Delivered at Frontier» means that the seller delivers when the goods
are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the arriving means of
transport not unloaded, cleared for export, but not cleared for import
at the named point and place at the frontier, but before the customs
border of the adjoining country. The term «frontier» may be used for
any frontier including that of the country of export. Therefore, it is
of vital importance that the frontier in question be defined precisely
by always naming the point and place in the term.
However, if the parties wish the seller to be responsible for the
unloading of the goods from the arriving means of transport and to bear
the risks and costs of unloading, this should be made clear by adding
explicit wording to this effect in the contract of sale (Refer to
Introduction paragraph 11).
This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport when goods
are to be delivered at a land frontier. When delivery is to take place
in the port of destination, on board a vessel or on the quay (wharf),
the DES or DEQ terms should be used.
| THE SELLER'S OBLIGATIONS |
THE BUYER'S OBLIGATIONS |
A1 Provision of goods in conformity with the contract
The seller must provide the goods and the commercial invoice, or its
equivalent electronic message, in conformity with the contract of sale
and any other evidence of conformity which may be required by the
contract. |
B1 Payment of the price
The buyer must pay the price as provided in the contract of sale.
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A2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The seller must obtain at his own risk and expense any export licence
or other official authorisation or other document necessary for placing
the goods at the buyer's disposal.
The seller must carry out, where applicable (Refer to Introduction
paragraph 14). , all customs formalities necessary for the export of
the goods to the named place of delivery at the frontier and for their
transit through any country. |
B2 Licences, authorisations and formalities
The buyer must obtain at his own risk and expense any import licence or
other official authorisation or other documents and carry out, where
applicable (Refer to Introduction paragraph 14)., all customs
formalities necessary for the import of the goods, and for their
subsequent transport. |
A3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
i) The seller must contract at his own expense for the carriage of the
goods to the named point, if any, at the place of delivery at the
frontier. If a point at the named place of delivery at the frontier is
not agreed or is not determined by practice, the seller may select the
point at the named place of delivery which best suits his purpose.
ii) However, if requested by the buyer, the seller may agree to
contract on usual terms at the buyer's risk and expense for the
on-going carriage of the goods beyond the named place at the frontier
to the final destination in the country of import named by the buyer.
The seller may decline to make the contract and, if he does, shall
promptly notify the buyer accordingly.
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation (Refer to Introduction paragraph 10).
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B3 Contracts of carriage and insurance
a) Contract of carriage
No obligation (Refer to Introduction paragraph 14).
b) Contract of insurance
No obligation (Refer to Introduction paragraph 14).
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A4 Delivery
The seller must place the goods at the disposal of the buyer on the
arriving means of transport not unloaded at the named place of delivery
at the frontier on the date or within the agreed period.
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B4 Taking delivery
The buyer must take delivery of the goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
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A5 Transfer of risks
The seller
must, subject to the provisions of B5, bear all risks of loss of or
damage to the goods until such time as they have been delivered in
accordance with A4. |
B5 Transfer of risks
The buyer must bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4.
The buyer must, should he fail to give notice in accordance with B7,
bear all risks of loss of or damage to the goods from the agreed date
or the expiry date of the agreed period for delivery provided, however,
that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to
say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods. |
A6 Division of costs
The seller must, subject to the provisions of B6, pay
• in addition to the costs resulting from A3 a), all costs relating to
the goods until such time as they have been delivered in accordance
with A4; and
• where applicable (Refer to Introduction paragraph 14)., the costs of
customs formalities necessary for export as well as all duties, taxes
or other charges payable upon export of the goods and for their transit
through any country prior to delivery in accordance with A4. |
B6 Division of costs
The buyer must pay
• all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been
delivered in accordance with A4 including the expenses of unloading
necessary to take delivery of the goods from the arriving means of
transport at the named place of delivery at the frontier; and
• all additional costs incurred if he fails to take delivery of the
goods when they have been delivered in accordance with A4, or to give
notice in accordance with B7, provided, however, that the goods have
been appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or
otherwise identified as the contract goods; and
• where applicable (Refer to Introduction paragraph 14), the cost of
customs formalities as well as all duties, taxes and other charges
payable upon import of the goods and for their subsequent transport. |
A7 Notice to the buyer
The seller must give the buyer sufficient notice of the dispatch of the
goods to the named place at the frontier as well as any other notice
required in order to allow the buyer to take measures which are
normally necessary to enable him to take delivery of the goods. |
B7 Notice to the seller
The buyer must, whenever he is entitled to determine the time within an
agreed period and/or the point of taking delivery at the named place,
give the seller sufficient notice thereof. |
A8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
i) The seller must provide the buyer at the seller's expense with the
usual document or other evidence of the delivery of the goods at the
named place at the frontier in accordance with A3 a) i).
ii) The seller must, should the parties agree on on-going carriage beyond the frontier in accordance with A3 a)
ii), provide the buyer at the latter's request, risk and expense, with
the through document of transport normally obtained in the country of
dispatch covering on usual terms the transport of the goods from the
point of dispatch in that country to the place of final destination in
the country of import named by the buyer.
Where the seller and the buyer have agreed to communicate
electronically, the document referred to in the preceding paragraph may
be replaced by an equivalent electronic data interchange (EDI) message.
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B8 Proof of delivery, transport document or equivalent electronic message
The buyer must accept the transport document and/or other evidence of delivery in accordance with A8.
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A9 Checking - packaging - marking
The seller must pay the costs of those checking operations (such as
checking quality, measuring, weighing, counting) which are necessary
for the purpose of delivering the goods in accordance with A4.
The seller must provide at his own expense packaging (unless it is
agreed or usual for the particular trade to deliver the goods of the
contract description unpacked) which is required for the delivery of
the goods at the frontier and for the subsequent transport to the
extent that the circumstances (for example modalities, destination) are
made known to the seller before the contract of sale is concluded.
Packaging is to be marked appropriately. |
B9 Inspection of goods
The buyer must pay the costs of any pre-shipment inspection except when
such inspection is mandated by the authorities of the country of
export. |
A10 Other obligations
The seller must render the buyer at the latter's request, risk and
expense, every assistance in obtaining any documents or equivalent
electronic messages (other than those mentioned in A8) issued or
transmitted in the country of dispatch and/or origin which the buyer
may require for the import of the goods and, where necessary, for their
transit through any country.
The seller must provide the buyer, upon request, with the necessary information for procuring insurance.
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B10 Other obligations
The buyer must pay all costs and charges incurred in obtaining the
documents or equivalent electronic messages mentioned in A10 and
reimburse those incurred by the seller in rendering his assistance in
accordance therewith.
If necessary, according to A3 a) ii), the buyer must provide the seller
at his request and the buyer's risk and expense with the exchange
control authorisation, permits, other documents or certified copies
thereof, or with the address of the final destination of the goods in
the country of import for the purpose of obtaining the through document
of transport or any other document contemplated in A8 ii). |
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Cost and Freight (... named port of destination)
Cost, Insurance and Freight (... named port of destination).
Carriage and Insurance Paid Тo (... named place of destination)
Carriage Paid To (... named place of destination).
Delivered At Frontier (... named place)
Delivered Duty Paid (... named place of destination)
Delivered Duty Unpaid (... named place of destination)
Delivered Ex Quay (... named port of destination)
Delivered Ex Ship (... named port of destination)
EX Works ( ... named place)
Free Alongside Ship (... named port of shipment)
Free Carrier (...named place)
Free On Board (... named port of shipment)
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